The Importance Of Animal Research Essay Example For Students

The Importance Of Animal Research Essay Research on animals is important in understanding diseases anddeveloping ways to prevent them. The polio vaccine, kidney transplants,and heart surgery techniques have all been developed with the help of animal research. Through increased efforts by the scientific community, effective treatments for diabetes, diphtheria, and other diseases have beendeveloped with animal testing. Animal research has brought a dramatic progress into medicine. With the help of animal research, smallpox has been wiped out worldwide. Micro-surgery to reattach hearts, lungs, and other transplants are all possible because of animal research. Since the turn of the century, animal research has helped increase our life-span by nearly 28 years. And now, animal research is leading to dramatic progress against AIDS and Alzheimers disease. Working with animals in research is necessary. Scientists need to test medical treatments for effectiveness and test new drugs for safety before beginning human testing. Small animals, usually rats, are used to determine the possible side effects of new drugs. After animal tests have proven the safety of new drugs, patients asked to participate in furtherstudies can be assured that they may fare better, and will not do worse than if they were given standard treatment or no treatment. We will write a custom essay on The Importance Of Animal Research specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now New surgical techniques first must be carefully developed and tested in living, breathing, whole organ systems with pulmonary and circulatory systems much like ours. The doctors who perform todays delicate cardiac, ear, eye, pulmonary and brain surgeries, as well as doctors in training, must develop the necessary skills before patients lives are entrusted to their care. Neither computer models, cell cultures, nor artificial substances can simulate flesh, muscle, blood, and organs likethe ones in live animals. There is no alternative to animal research. Living systems are complex. The nervous system, blood and brain chemistry, and gland secretions are all interrelated. It is impossible to explore, explain or predict the course of many diseases or the effects of many treatments without observing and testing the entire living system. Cell and tissue cultures, often suggested as alternatives to usinganimals, have been used in medical research for many years. But these areonly isolate d tests. And isolated tests will yield only isolated results, which may bear little relation to a whole living system. Scientists do not yet know enough about living systems or diseases, nor does the technology exist, to replicate one on a computer. The information required to build a true computer model in the future will be based on data drawn fromtodays animal studies. Primates represent only about 1/3 of 1 percent of animals in research. But during the last half century, research using primates has led to major medical breakthroughs, most notably in the treatment of polio and Rh disease. Vaccines have reduced the cases of polio in the U.S. from58,000 to one or two a year at present. Scientists are learning how the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)works by studying its non-human primate counterpart, the Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) in monkeys. The SIV model is useful in testing drugs for AIDS. In addition, the HIV virus survives in certain kinds of monkeys and although it does not kill the animals, it can be removed from them. This may prove useful in testing an AIDS vaccine. Researchers are studying rhesus macaque monkeys to explore ways to reduce multiple organ failure following hypotensive shock, a loss of blood pressure due to loss of blood. Researchers have hypothesized that damage to the organs occur within the first few minutes after blood flow is reestablished, when a certain kind of white blood cell attaches to walls of blood vessels and releases toxic substances. The researchers reasoned that if, just before blood flow is reestablished, a substance that prevents the white blood cells from attaching to the vessel walls were injected into the blood stream, it might prevent the release of theirtoxic contents and avoid multiple organ damage. It is expected that thisnew technique will prove effective in human patients. .u57b18f527e8314e44803cddde7f94c37 , .u57b18f527e8314e44803cddde7f94c37 .postImageUrl , .u57b18f527e8314e44803cddde7f94c37 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u57b18f527e8314e44803cddde7f94c37 , .u57b18f527e8314e44803cddde7f94c37:hover , .u57b18f527e8314e44803cddde7f94c37:visited , .u57b18f527e8314e44803cddde7f94c37:active { border:0!important; } .u57b18f527e8314e44803cddde7f94c37 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u57b18f527e8314e44803cddde7f94c37 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u57b18f527e8314e44803cddde7f94c37:active , .u57b18f527e8314e44803cddde7f94c37:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u57b18f527e8314e44803cddde7f94c37 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u57b18f527e8314e44803cddde7f94c37 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u57b18f527e8314e44803cddde7f94c37 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u57b18f527e8314e44803cddde7f94c37 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u57b18f527e8314e44803cddde7f94c37:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u57b18f527e8314e44803cddde7f94c37 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u57b18f527e8314e44803cddde7f94c37 .u57b18f527e8314e44803cddde7f94c37-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u57b18f527e8314e44803cddde7f94c37:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Definition Of Heroism Essay Researchers are studying obesity in monkeys in hopes of finding away to control body weight. Scientist are also using monkeys to studyTaurine deficiency, which causes vision problems, and zinc deficiency, which causes growth retardation among infants and fetuses. Researchers are currently studying to see whether reduced caloricintake can slow the rate of aging. This effect has already been observedin lower animals, and if it holds true in primates, it would be a strong indication that humans might be able to increase their life spans by eating less. Primates have the same number and relative size of teeth as humans. Macaque monkeys have been studied by dental researchers to link a specificbacterium to the growth of periodontitis, which affects 75 percent of alladults and causes 70 percent of adult tooth loss. A non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drug, flurbiprofen, has been shown to be effective in halting the progression of periodontal disease. Since the 1920s, scientists have studied primates in order to understand their ability to communicate. They have discovered that chimpanzees and other apes have the ability to learn and use language. Scientists already have applied their findings toward developing a special language for severely mentally retarded children, as well as young adultswith little or no linguistic competence, who cannot learn language as normal children do. People should ensure that an end is not put to progress in animal research. Biomedical researchers know that an animal in distress is simply not a good research subject. Researchers are embarked on an effort to alleviate misery, not cause it. And remember, if we want to defeat the killer diseases that still confront us, such as AIDS and Alzheimers, cancer, heart disease, and many others, the misguided fanatics of the animal-rights movement must be stopped. Think about it, it could some day be your life or your childrens.

Free Essays on Prisoner Of War

revealed only part of the reality of the forty-four months he was held captive. At the time of his capture, he weighed 180 lbs. and when he was released, he weighed a mere 100 lbs. Obviously, prisoners of war were malnourished. Red Cross supplied them with food but only one packet was actually given to his camp during the 3 and a half years he was there. The Japanese would keep the rest for their soldiers. Bread was supplied but it was mixed with sawdust so that more of it could be distributed. Many prisoners would get sick because of the food and even resorted to eating grasshoppers. Being malnourished did lead to intestinal and respiratory problems and diseases were wide spread such as malaria, tuberculosis and beriberi. ... Free Essays on Prisoner Of War Free Essays on Prisoner Of War Prisoners of War: Living With Uncertainty Is it possible that people can live in such horrible conditions and live to tell about it? In regards to World War II and people who were taken as prisoners of the war, the answer is yes, but only for a few. A prisoner of war, or POW, is a term for a member of the armed forces who is captured and confined during war. The Geneva Convention of 1929 was a series of agreements that stated that prisoners of the war would be treated humanely. But as one can imagine, humane treatment towards POWs was not strictly enforced. During times of war, enemies take men as prisoners. During World War II, both the axis and the allies took prisoners. However, those men captured by the allies were treated somewhat better than those of the axis powers were. Japan never signed the Geneva Convention and therefore did not feel obligated to its rules. In World War II, the Japanese captured 30,000 men. Among them was Arnold Green who was captured at Wake Island. This island was very small and was situated in the North Pacific Ocean. It was captured by the Japanese and held until the end of World War II. Mr. Green remembers gruesome details and his shocking words revealed only part of the reality of the forty-four months he was held captive. At the time of his capture, he weighed 180 lbs. and when he was released, he weighed a mere 100 lbs. Obviously, prisoners of war were malnourished. Red Cross supplied them with food but only one packet was actually given to his camp during the 3 and a half years he was the re. The Japanese would keep the rest for their soldiers. Bread was supplied but it was mixed with sawdust so that more of it could be distributed. Many prisoners would get sick because of the food and even resorted to eating grasshoppers. Being malnourished did lead to intestinal and respiratory problems and diseases were wide spread such as malaria, tuberculosis and beriberi. ...

Food Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Food - Essay Example Visiting the streets of down town Chicago demonstrates a cultural variety of foods. As you walk down the street the various smells hit you. But the question still remains what types of foods are safe to eat? However, this question extends past the Chicago land area but to the whole United States. Visiting the United States brings a large variety of different foods. Yet many of the differences in the cultural foods are associated with the use of different spices, not necessarily the actual food. Skeptics may choose not to eat a certain type of food due to stereotyping. This behavior is often seen after a mass recall is publicized on the media. Unfortunately, food associated pathogens do not discriminate to one specific type of food group. From eggs, cows and vegetables these different groups represent may of the variety of foods found in the United States. Visiting this country can bring the eater great satisfaction to find such a vast variety of foods. But these foods are never really free E. Coli, Salmonella or Listeria. Still many individuals exhibit preferences when grocery shopping towards organic or hormone free choices. According to Newsweek (n.d.), â€Å"Buying organic or local doesn’t necessarily mean you’re protected from diseases† (3). This is evident as many of the nations foods come from a few growers located in different regions of the country. Yet visitors may not be aware of the potential illnesses that could affect them as they get lost in the aromas of foods while walking down a street late at night in the United States. As a visitor you associate the smell of food with a great vacation. However, the smell of food and safety may contradict each other at times. Still as you visit this country you cannot help but enjoy the vast amounts of foods from different cultural

The Catholic Church and Sexuality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

The Catholic Church and Sexuality - Essay Example This is because the catholic still enjoins and enforces though in a subtle way complete obedience and docility on the principle of Roma locuta causa finite (Rome has spoken no more debate). The church has went ahead and imposed sanctions to members who have expressed divergent views on its dogmas and doctrines. In the recent times it has been observed that many Westerners, scholars, Catholic priests and nuns around the world have rejected the Catholic Church stand on sexual morality because of what they consider as lack of conformity with reality concerning sexual situations. Because in real situation if we go by the Catholic Church’s stand then incidences of unwanted pregnancies, procured abortions, sinkers and Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) will spontaneously shoot to uncontrolled levels. Discussion The Catholic Church is considered as the most conservative force with respect to attitudes towards the accepted codes of social behavior. This requires that none of the Cat holic faithful goes against its doctrines. On the understanding of the Catholic Church that it is run by humans, some human traits can not trail it. Among them is the tendency to mask the freedom expression which curtails the freedom of those who want to give their views on sexual related issues like use of condoms to prevent spread of HIV virus, transgender persons and marriage. This is based on the fact that the Catholic Church loves and upholds absolute obedience as opposed to objection, contradiction, and independent opinion to those who oppose the views taken by the church. According to Abioye (4), basically the Catholic Church perceives that any form of sexual act outside marriage is a sin according to the doctrines therefore is excluded from sacramental communion. Besides, the church regards the usage of any form of artificial contraceptive equally as a sin. Though in contrast, the church insists that life must be respected and protected completely from the moment of concepti on. The church stipulates, â€Å"A person who procures an abortion a completed abortion incurs excommunication latae senteiae, by the very commission of the offence.† This stand taken by the church is supposed to be followed without too much questioning. Many scholars disagree with the Catholic stand on sex before marriage. This is because it lacks conformity with reality. St. Augustine of Hippo says on Church doctrines, â€Å"†¦..dramatizes the fear of sexual pleasure, equating pleasure with perdition in such a way that anyone who tries to follow his train of thought will have the sense of being trapped in a nightmare.† Their have been intensive research done and it has been observed by Hardon that, â€Å"neither the Jewish Talmund no the Moslem Quran and Hadith forbid polygamy, contraception or abortion.† The Catholic Church objects with zeal that the use of contraceptives and abortion. But on medical grounds abortion is allowed so as to save the life of the mother if it is in danger. According to Abioye (6), the ecclesiastical belief is that the use of contraceptives should not be encouraged because it creates room for sexual permissiveness. To some extent the statement is justifiable but

Assess the impact of Export Processing Zones (EPZs) on consumers and Essay

Assess the impact of Export Processing Zones (EPZs) on consumers and employees in developing countries. Answers should draw on examples and theories of international trade taught on this module - Essay Example Export Processing Zones holds pregnant promises to developing countries, with the hope of enlivened economy through foreign direct investors. It is just fitting therefore to study how they have affected developing societies through the eyes of the consumers and the laborers. EPZs are also designed to generate jobs for locals. With the presence of foreign investors and with the usually cheap labor in developing countries, Export Processing Zones promise job opportunities and improvement. Aside from the locals directly employed in the EPZs, it also adds to employment through backward and forward linkages. Backward linkage is formed through raw materials and financing suppliers which are mainly locals while forward linkage is observed through the spending of employees of EPZs (Ahmadu). The ability to export products even by developing countries, and benefit that they gets from the trade is clearly described by David Ricardo in his theory of comparative advantage. According to Ricardo, even if a country has the absolute advantage in all products, meaning he is the most efficient among all countries in production, it will still be worthwhile to trade with another country, so that both would be benefitted (Mankiw, 1998). David Ricardo constructed a two-country, two-good example with one country having the absolute advantage in the production of both and using the concept of opportunity cost, he was able to conclude that even in this situation trade would make both better off as this allows each country to specialize in the product that he does best. The Labor condition, however, is also a question. EPZ workers are observed to receive lower wages than their non-EPZ workers counterparts. In Sri Lanka, for example, earnings of workers in the electronics sector are slightly lower than the national wages in the same jobs while in South Korea and the Philippines, payment for overtime works are tied to normal working hours (Ahmadu). Payment incentive schemes that include "demerit points" that affect wages and job security increased work hours and inensity (Ahmadu). This disadvatanges happens due to the absence of regulatory authorities in Export Processing Zones. Due to this adverse work condition, unionisation is prevalent among EPZs, although union activities are limited in some countries. In the Philippines, for example, strike are unathorized, based on the recognition that EPZs are very crucial to the country's economic success. On Employment: The Philippine Case The Philippines has four Export Processing Zones, found in the provinces of Bataan, Cebu, Benguet and Cavite. Among these are 16 government-administered regional industrial centres and 36 private-owned businesses. The EPZs has been strongly supported by the past administrations beginning from President Marcos up to the Arroyo Administration. A study of the Center for Applied Research and Library Services in the country, however, has revealed that EPZ has been discriminatory against women in terms of employment with women required to be single and college educated while men are not and that jobs that require higher skills are usually given to men

Hybrid Beamforming Design for 5G Wireless Communications

Hybrid Beamforming Design for 5G Wireless Communications To comply with evolving 5G standards, higher data rates (and greater bandwidth), lower-latency network accesses, and more energy-efficient implementations are needed. While 5G standards are still very much evolving, the goals for higher data rates, lower-latency network accesses, and more energy-efficient implementations are clear. And with higher data rates comes the need for wider bandwidth spectrums. Today, available bandwidth in the spectrum up through 6 GHz isnt sufficient to satisfy these requirements. This, in turn, has helped move the target operating frequency bands up into the millimeter-wave range for the next generation of wireless communication systems. The small wavelengths at these higher frequency bands enable implementations with many more antenna elements per system within very small form factors. However, it also increases the signal-path and propagation challenges associated with operating at these frequencies. For example, the path loss for a 60-GHz waveform is approximately 10.5 dB/km, while a 700-MHz waveform experiences path loss on the order of 0.01 dB/km. These losses can be offset with intelligent array design and the use of spatial signal-processing techniques, including beamforming. This type of processing is enabled by large arrays and can be used directly to provide higher link-level gains to overcome path loss and undesirable interference sources. To achieve the most control and flexibility with beamforming in an active array design, its desirable to have independent weighting control over each antenna-array element. This requires a transmit/receive (T/R) module dedicated to each element. For array sizes typical of a large multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) communication system (e.g., over a thousand elements), such an architecture is difficult to build due to cost, space, and power limitations. For example, implementing a very high performance analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) for every channel (along with the supporting components) can drive the cost and power beyond allocated design budgets. Similarly, having variable gain amplifiers in the RF chain for each channel increases system cost. Going Hybrid Hybrid beamforming is a popular technique that can be used to partition beamforming between the digital and RF domains. System designers can implement hybrid beamforming to balance flexibility and cost tradeoffs while still fielding a system that meets the required performance parameters. Hybrid-beamforming designs are developed by combining multiple array elements into subarray modules. A T/R module can be dedicated to multiple elements in the array; thus, the system will require fewer T/R modules. The number of elements in each subarray can be selected to ensure that system-level performance is met across the range of steering angles. Using the transmit path as an example, each element within a subarray can have a phase shift applied directly in the RF domain, while digital beamforming techniques based on complex weighting vectors can be applied on the signals that feed each subarray. Digital beamforming allows for control of the signal for both amplitude and phase on signals aggregated at the subarray level. For cost and complexity reasons, the RF control is typically limited to applying phase shifts to each of the elements. Diagram here, Figure 1 Figure 1. A hybrid-beamforming architecture has partitioning between the digital and RF domains. Multiple array elements are combined into subarray modules. Each element within a subarray has a phase shift applied directly in the RF domain, while digital beamforming techniques are applied on the signals that feed each subarray. Systems such as the one shown in Figure 1 are complex to develop. Modeling techniques can be used to design and evaluate large antenna arrays and the corresponding RF and digital architectures needed to help manage their complexity. These techniques help reduce risk and validate design approaches at the earliest stages of a project. In addition, its important to evaluate subsystem designs in the context of the larger system. For example, how will hybrid beamforming tradeoffs affect the bit error rate on communications with a mobile device? Designing the Array The first step in the design process is to model and design the array. This includes converging on array design choices such as the array geometry, element spacing, the lattice structure of the elements, and tapering. In addition, the effects of mutual coupling are important to characterize before implementing the final design. Once an initial configuration of the array design is complete, architectural partitioning can be iteratively evaluated against the overall system performance. With millimeter-wave systems, the area is reduced in proportion to the wavelength size. As an example, an antenna array designed at millimeter-wave frequencies can be up to 100 times smaller than an array designed to operate at microwave frequencies. By building an array with a larger number of antenna elements, we can achieve a high beamforming gain. The highly directive beam helps offset the increased path loss at higher frequencies of operation, as beams are steered to a specific direction. To achieve steering in azimuth and elevation, a uniformly spaced planar array in the y and z plane can be designed. The larger number of elements provides a high level of directivity. The design also has tapering applied to the rows and columns of the array to reduce sidelobe levels. To help reduce the effects of mutual coupling, the spacing between elements can be slightly increased. As is the case with all design choices, the larger antenna gains achieved with narrower beams must be balanced with the fact that MIMO systems are based on scattering environments. These environments also depend on broader beam patterns to maximize channel capacity. This tradeoff can be assessed as part of the modeling, too. The image on the right side of Figure 2 shows that with spacing of wavelength/2 between the elements, no grating lobes are present across the full range of steering directions, as expected. Its important to understand the impacts here, because it may be necessary to increase the spacing between the elements to mitigate the effects of mutual coupling. This crucial design consideration must be accounted for at this juncture. Fortunately, at the higher frequencies, where wavelength/2 spacing is quite small to start with, an increase in element separation by 10% of a wavelength only requires a change of less than 0.5 mm at 66 GHz. Figure 3 shows the tradeoff that must be considered when using a grating lobe diagram with a 10% increase in the spacing between the elements. For this example, grating lobes are only present with azimuth and elevation angles outside  ±54.9 degrees. Extending the Model Fidelity Next, in a more detailed example, an array is built up as a collection of subarrays. The element used in this example, which is based on a patch antenna designed for 66-GHz resonance, is no longer ideal. The element pattern for a single patch element is shown in Figure 4. To build up an array using this pattern, each subarray is modeled as an 8-1 element uniform linear array, where each element has a pattern response from the patch element. The resulting array structure can be visualized like that shown in Figure 5, with each subarray (8 elements 1 subarray) on the left and the full array (1 subarray replicated in 8 columns) on the right. From the hybrid-beamforming perspective, each of the elements within the 8-1 array can be passed through a phase shifter for steering in the elevation plane. We see how this can be modeled in the RF domain with the phase shifters in the following section. Each of the eight signals that feed the subarrays can be controlled via digital beamforming techniques to steer the beam in azimuth. Figure 2 shows the resulting beam pattern for the array in the above configuration, which has been calculated using superposition. Hybrid-Beamformer Partitioning We can then partition the architecture for the transmit chain with the phase shifts (applied in the RF domain) and complex weights (applied in the digital domain). For basic analysis, the weights are able to be generated using MathWorks MATLAB, Phased Array System Toolbox, and Antenna Toolbox code, as shown in the code below: This MATLAB code is used to model analog phase shifts (applied in the RF domain) and digital complex weights (applied in the digital domain). Weights are generated with MATLAB, Phased Array System Toolbox, and Antenna Toolbox. Applying the array design parameters, the digital weights and the RF phase shifts generated in MATLAB earlier (a multi-domain simulation) can be performed using the architecture model in Simulink (Fig. 7). In this block diagram, the phase shifts are provided as inputs to each of the subarrays, which are then applied to the RF signals. The digital beamforming weights are used to shape the signals feeding each of the subarrays. 7. In the multi-domain hybrid architecture, digital weights and RF phase shifts generated in MATLAB can be used within the architectural model in Simulink and SimRF. The phase shifts are provided as inputs to each of the subarrays, which are then applied to the RF signals. The digital beamforming weights are used to shape the signals feeding the subarrays. Figure 8 provides a detailed view into a single RF Array block from Fig. 7. The RF phase shifters shown in Fig. 8 perform the beamforming in the elevation plane, while the baseband weights provide the beamforming in the azimuth plane. 8. Here, an RF transmit chain uses SimRF blocks to control phase shifters (a single RF Transmit Array block is shown). The RF phase shifters perform the beamforming in the elevation plane, while the baseband weights provide the beamforming in the azimuth plane. Multi-Beam Hybrid System Architectures The model can be extended to support multi-user beamforming systems. To do this, the baseband beamforming blocks described above are employed to create multiple beams from the array to cover multiple users concurrently (Fig. 9). This beamforming can also be used to account for the path variations between the transmitter and the desired user locations. The resulting signals are able to be combined to perform the RF beamforming and serve the different users in a sector at specific distances from the base station. As discussed earlier, the subarray modules enable coarse elevation angle adjustment (by phase shifters), and multi-user groups can be arranged by distance in a ring structure to effectively provide areas of coverage. 9. Base band beam forming blocks create multiple beams to cover multiple users concurrently, and can also be used to account for the path variations between the transmitter and the desired user locations. Summary By implementing a hybrid-beamforming system, designers can strike a balance between meeting system performance goals and system-level cost objectives. Developing a hybrid beamformer and evaluating algorithm alternatives is only the first step toward achieving the required performance of a wireless communications system. To assess performance, the beamformer must be integrated into a system-level model and evaluated over a collection of parameter, steering, and channel combinations. Modeling these beamforming algorithms in the context of an entire system, including RF, antenna, and signal-processing components, can help verify design choices at the earliest phases of the project and reduce the associated challenges. Singular Value Decomposition Singular value decomposition (SVD) is quite possibly the most widely-used multivariate statistical technique used in the atmospheric sciences. The technique was first introduced to meteorology in a 1956 paper by Edward Lorenz, in which he referred to the process as empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis. Today, it is also commonly known as principal-component analysis (PCA). All three names are still used, and refer to the same set of procedures within the Data Library. The purpose of singular value decomposition is to reduce a dataset containing a large number of values to a dataset containing significantly fewer values, but which still contains a large fraction of the variability present in the original data. Often in the atmospheric and geophysical sciences, data will exhibit large spatial correlations. SVD analysis results in a more compact representation of these correlations, especially with multivariate datasets and can provide insight into spatial and temporal variations exhibited in the fields of data being analyzed. There are a few caveats one should be aware of before computing the SVD of a set of data. First, the data must consist of anomalies. Secondly, the data should be de-trended. When trends in the data exist over time, the first structure often captures them. If the purpose of the analysis is to find spatial correlations independent of trends, the data should be de-trended before applying SVD analysis.

Love story set in World War One :: English Literature Essays

Love story set in WWI A shell struck near the trench, forcing debris towards Robert. He awoke with start. His friend laughed at Robert's startled expression. "Are you still not used to that?" Dougie said wryly, knowing that no-one could ever overcome the shock of the trenches. "Here, I saved you these." He handed over some biscuits. Robert thanked him. He tried to break the biscuit to see how hard it was. He found it very difficult to snap so he wet it and smashed it to small pieces with a brick. He had learnt the hard way that biting biscuits could very easily break teeth. "Young Tom died" Dougie said nonchalantly, whilst picking lice from his head. Robert watched as he threw them into the flame of a candle. Dougie had been in the war since the start and found it easy to not get affected by the sort of things that went on. "Oh." Robert and Tom were fairly good friends. They had spoken days earlier about how they were looking forward to seeing their wives. A lump formed in Robert's throat. He spoke with a choked voice. "What happened to him?" What affected Robert the most in situations like this was that they reminded him that his life was virtually meaningless to the country and that he was in serious danger all of the time. He knew that he could very easily be dead within the hour. "He was shot on his side, about here," Dougie pointed to his lower back. "He fell down and couldn't get back up. He drowned in the mud." A shiver tickled Robert's spine. He had heard many stories of injured men drowning in the swamped ground. He had always considered it to have been the worst way to go. Sinking into the mud. Feeling your mouth fill with the slimy, watery soil. Having it in your throat. Not being able to breathe. Knowing that you could stop it all by standing up, but being unable to. Passing into unconsciousness. Dying. Robert checked the rota. He was on sentry duty. His body ached. He was eating poorly, having little sleep and working too much. The conditions in the trench added to his bad health immensely. Fleas covered his body and his frustrated scratching had meant that there were areas on his body where he had clawed his skin off. His open wounds were often infected because he very rarely had the opportunity to wash.

Blood Supply to the Muscles

The Physiology of Fitness Assignment 1 Helpsheet Step 1 You need to introduce your assignment, here I would define two key terms for the entire of this assignment these are chronic and acute. Example Answer There are many changes to the body during exercise; these can be classified as acute and chronic. Acute meaning they are short term and happen almost instantly with the onset of exercise. The other chronic is long term and allows the body to adapt its capabilities so therefore it can meet new demands in the future.Examples of these will be discussed in time through each one of these bodily systems: musculoskeletal, energy, respiratory and cardiovascular system. Step 2 At this stage of the assignment you need to look at the first body system of musculoskeletal. Here you need to identify all of the acute changes that take place within this system and then relate this to a sporting example. Some of the changes you need to discuss are: Increased blood supply, increase in muscle pliabi lity, increased range of movement and muscle fibre micro tears.Example Answer Increases the range of movement – when we start to exercise the movements of our joints means that synovial fluid starts to secrete within the joints. The fluid becomes less viscous and therefore the range of movement within the joint increases. An example of this in sport is the need for a warm up for a butterfly swimmer. So they can get the full range of movement at the shoulder joint that area has to be warmed up prior to the race. Step 3Keeping the musculoskeletal changes in mind you now need to discuss the chronic responses, these are: hypertrophy, increase in tendon strength, increase in myoglobin stores, increase in muscle strength, increase in tolerance to lactic acid, increase in bone calcium stores, increased stretch of ligaments, increased thickness of hyaline cartilage and increased production of synovial fluid. Example Answer Increased production of synovial fluid – as mentioned previously the movements stimulate the secretion of synovial fluid.With regular exercise this fluid on initial release is less viscous and the range of movement at the joint increases as connective tissue improves its flexibility. An example in sport is a high jumper. Over a prolonged period of training their knee joint in particular will take a lot of strain, this repetitive strain will allow for the knee joint to increase synovial fluid production as the jump can not e performed without the knee joint. Step 4 You now need a new side heading of energy systems and at this stage we will talk about the acute responses of the energy system.You need to discuss each of the three energy systems and how they initially respond to exercise. Example Answer Creatine Phosphate System – When exercise intensity is high, or energy needs are immediate, Creatine phosphate stored in the muscle is broken down to provide energy to make ATP. When the high energy bond in Phosphocreatine is broken, the energy it releases is used to resynthesise ATP. Explosive work can be achieved but for only short periods at maximum intensity.An example of this would be triple jump, if the athlete needs immediate energy this system is used, as the sport will last up to 10 seconds on completion of each jump it can not wait for energy from the Lactic Acid system. Step 5 In this section you need to discuss the chronic changes which apply to the energy system, you need to discuss in particular the aerobic system but also make specific reference to an increase in aerobic and anaerobic enzymes and increased use of fats as an energy source. Example AnswerIncreased use of fats as an energy source – Fat oxidation increases if exercise extends to long periods, as glycogen levels deplete. This is particularly prevalent to marathon runners. These athletes will burn of the glycogen in the carbohydrates digested and will need another source of energy to refer to this is where fats are then used. St ep 6 Under the side heading of respiratory you need to discuss the acute changes in this system. You will need to mention the following changes: increased breathing rate and increased tidal volume as well as many others.Example Answer Increased breathing rate – due to the fact the working muscles require energy during exercise the brain sends signals to increase the breathing rate. This increase in breathing rate allows for more oxygen to be taken in and then delivered to the working muscles. It also allows for the waste products to be exhaled much quicker. An example of this is a footballer will gradually increase their breathing rate the longer the game lasts and the more that the muscles demand oxygen to fulfil physical movements. Step 7You now need to discuss the chronic changes to the respiratory system again relating them to sport to show understanding; you need to include the following: increased vital capacity, increase in minute ventilation, increased strength of res piratory muscles and increase in oxygen diffusion rate. Example Answer Increased strength of respiratory muscles – like any muscle the more that it is worked the greater it’s strength, therefore the same can be said of the intercostals muscles of the chest cavity, due to the increased work load in breathing they become more efficient allow for greater expansion of the chest.An example of this would be a tour de France cyclist. Due to the intense nature of the event there chest capacity will have to increase to meet the constant demands. Step 8 Under the side heading of cardiovascular system you will now need to discuss the acute changes to this system giving sporting examples. The following changes will need to be discussed: Heart rate anticipatory response, activity response, increased blood pressure, vasodilation and vasoconstriction. Example AnswerVasoconstriction – this is where the blood vessels decrease in diameter to restrict the flow of blood to an area of the body which does not need the blood supplies as much as another area. An example of this is a boxer, here due to the repetitive punching from the fighter the arms and upper body needs the blood to allow for regular movement, the legs receive less. This is why when a fighter is knocked down commentators sometimes say â€Å"his legs have gone† this is because of a lack of oxygen as it has all gone to the upper body and brain. Step 9 Finally you need to talk about the chronic change to the cardiovascular system.This area is vast and needs a lot of detail. The changes you will need to discuss include: cardiac hypertrophy, increase in stroke volume, cardiac output, resting heart rate, capillarisation, blood volume, blood pressure, recovery time and aerobic fitness. Example Answer Decreased resting heart rate – this is a chronic change because the heart adapts and learns how to cope with the demands of extreme and intense workouts the more you exercise, this therefore means the normal everyday task do not apply as much strain to the body therefore not requiring the heart to increase blood supply to the areas of the body that are working.

Work Stress Conflict And Overload Work Commerce Essay

Work emphasis is the harmful physical and emotional response that occurs when there is a hapless lucifer between occupation demands and the capablenesss, resources, or demands of the worker.0 † [ For workers everyplace, the troubled economic system may experience like an emotional roller coaster. â€Å" Layoffs † and â€Å" budget cuts † have become proverbs in the workplace, and the consequence is increased fright, uncertainness, and higher degrees of stress.. I think that the issue of ( emphasis at work ) is mess. because A muss is a set of conditions that produces dissatisfaction. It can be conceptualized as a system of jobs or chances ; a job or an chance is an ultimate component abstracted from a muss. There is no straightforward manner of foretelling what will do harmful degrees of emphasis, since different people respond to different types of force per unit area in different ways at different times, harmonizing to their personality, experience, motive and the support they receive from directors, co-workers, household and friend Job stress consequences from the interaction of the worker and the conditions of work. Positions differ on the importance of worker features versus working conditions as the primary cause of occupation emphasis. The undermentioned factors may take to workplace emphasis: ( 1 ) Pressure from investors, who can rapidly retreat their money from company stocks. ( 2 ) The deficiency of trade and professional brotherhoods in the workplace. ( 3 ) Inter-company competitions caused by the attempts of companies to vie globally Workplace emphasis can ensue in physical, psychological, behavioural and emotional alterations that can finally ensue in a hapless public presentation, occupation loss, pecuniary issues and other wellness related issues as good. Workplace emphasis can go forth you overwhelmed. When you are overcome with a feeling of an at hand catastrophe that seems to be looming big over you, you feel dying, cranky or down. There is a sudden feeling of apathy and deficiency of enthusiasm and you all of a sudden loose involvement in your work that you may hold enjoyed earlier.2- Conflict at wokConflict is an inevitable component of any organisation. It is increasing in the workplace because of factors like increasing diverseness, organisational complexness, downsizing and decreasing resources. Conflicts occur when the demands and ends of the person are non in harmoniousness with the demands and ends of the organisation. Many organisations view struggle as an abashing anomalousness that is non talked about in polite society. This attitude forces struggle resistance, where it festers and spreads. Alternatively, struggle should be accepted as a normal portion of human interaction. In my sentiment that struggle is mess. as it is a hard state of affairs from which you would wish to untangle, but there is no obvious manner out. A muss is a set of conditions that produces dissatisfaction. It can be conceptualized as a system of jobs or chances System thought is really helpful in covering with mussy state of affairss. Conflict is considered a wicked jobs or thwarting mystifiers where the overall complexness involved appears overpowering. We are human, though, and it is about impossible for us to disassociate ourselves of feelings, beliefs, and values. We create, or acquire involved in, struggle, and we possess sensitivities as to how it ought to be addressed or handled Conflict is frequently destructive. Unresolved struggle can take to increasing tenseness, atomization and absenteeism ; and diminishing cooperation, morale and productiveness. On the other manus, non all struggle is bad. â€Å" Conflict is the O of creativeness † ; without originative contenti on, advanced solutions to new jobs will non be found. Conflict can be negative when it creates opposition to alter, establishes turmoil in organisation or interpersonal dealingss, Fosters distrust, builds a feeling of licking, or widens the chasm of misconstruing. ( 1R2SKPB_enKW357 & A ; q=inauthor: † Jeremy+W.+Stranks † & amp ; sa=X & A ; ei=6LTqTI_SOo_QcbinregK & A ; ved=0CD8Q9Ag † Jeremy W. Stranks, 2005 )3- The overload work at occupationsWe have all experienced that shocking sense of holding far excessively much work to make and excessively small clip to make it in. We can take to disregard this, and work unreasonably long hours to remain on top of our work load. The hazards here are that we become dog-tired, that we have so much to make that we do a hapless quality occupation, and that we neglect other countries of our life. Each of these can take to intense emphasis I think that ( The overload wok is considered a muss because the issue here is consist of set of conditions represented in the continual much work given to the employees to complete.these actions produces dissatisfaction. It can be conceptualized as a system of jobs or chances.In this issue there are many people such as directors helpers. and employees are involved or take part as stakeholders in the muss state of affairs. ( there are causes, impacts and solutions are complicated. Negative effects are found in the person, household, and the company. Poor wellness, increased divorce rates, and decreased net incomes are all consequences. Workers are watching their undertaking tonss rise, their free clip shrivel, and their general wellness diminution.( Brief, 1998 )( a ) spray diagram about the description f the three musssincreasing tenseness,Feeling of lickingDecreasing cooperation, morale and productiveness,SMTP waiter Organizational complexnessNo harmoniousnessharmful physical and emotionalConsumptionClients helpers Offices member occupation loss, Lack of enthusiasm Monetary issues Feeling of apathy Feel exhausted Excessively much workAbnormal mannerA small clipReduced net incomesIncreased fright, uncertainnessDissatisfactionPoor wellnessQuestion 2 ( 65 % Markss )Read through the affiliated instance survey â€Å" Developing an Effective Organizational Structure † . As you read through the article make one system map diagram to demo the different constituents of Sungenta ‘s â€Å" organisational systemGross salessProfile and signifierHuman resourceWork specialisationSyngenta ‘s â€Å" organisational system( B ) In t205 ( system believing ) we use the Control theoretical account to assist us to believe about how to take control of a system to accomplish specific ends. It has been developed to cover different types of systems and here we use it as diagnostic tool. Control theoretical accounts are a utile manner of look intoing intent and the agencies in topographic point to accomplish it. Control systems are profoundly built into our lives at every possible degree. The kernel of control is that the procedure being controlled is monitored carefully, and if it deviates from what is required some disciplinary action is taken. Another significance of control bases on the kernel that a program has been carefully pre-set, and is so carried out with great conformance. If the planning has been right and appropriate, the consequences will be precisely the desired. Both sorts of control are ways of acquiring a procedure to accomplish a pre-set end. The first 1 is managed by continuously supervising the end products of the procedure and seting the inputs consequently. The 2nd 1 is managed by utilizing anterior cognition of the procedure and/or utilizing accomplishment to put the procedure up in progress in such a manner that it will present the coveted consequences. At organisational degree, control of both sorts is perfectly indispensable if the organisation is to work as a rat ional entity. Control of the first sort is known as ‘closed-loop ‘ or ‘feedback ‘ control, while the 2nd sort is known as ‘open-loop ‘ or ‘feed frontward ‘ control.Open-loop controlThe illustration which is traveling to speak about is the company accomplishing the employee authorization to make its success Achieving authorising employementSatisfactionGive chanceTrustInvolve in determination devisingSolve jobsListen to employeesInput signalsCompetitionMotivationwagess( Increased Profitability productiveness )Stable working environmentincreased efficiencyend productsThe procedure of accomplishing the employee authorizationactuatordetectorWork related state of affairsCompetitive market place.Feedback wayComparatorclosed cringle control theoretical account about employee authorizationElementss of control theoretical account: Input signals Input is the term meaning either an entree or alterations which are put into a system and which modify a procedure. Input signals are represented in Satisfaction, Give chance, Trust, Motivation And giving wagess. Input besides refers to the things that need to be done to work out the job End products End product is the look indicating alterations which exit a system and which modify a procedure. The consequence of the input after the trans formational procedure. the end product here is the creative activity employee authorization.the purpose of the control theoretical account out puts is seting an terminal to assist the company to accomplish the out comes of the state of affairs. The exact out puts here is accomplishing ( increased Profitability, increased productiveness ) and accomplishing stable working environment. That employee authorization benefits the organisations which implement it efficaciously is widely noted in the literature Procedure refers to The thought of turning inputs to out puts whether negatively or positively. In control theoretical account the procedure has another significance which called ( transmutation ) The procedure should besides place jobs that need to be solved in the present state of affairs. Process besides refers to the state of affairs which needs to be fixed. .It is about accomplishing the employee authorization. the procedure is the practical point that turns the inputs to out puts as it is the responsible for the recognized alteration of the state of affairs Comparator is a tool which compares the state of affairs as input and end product to bespeak which is larger. it is necessary to hold a comparative expression between the results of the United Nations empowered employee and the results of the ideal employees authorising in order that we can positive effects from holding the employees empowered. throughout the comparator we can recognize the necessity for he company to set the suited program to employee authorization Feedback: The term feedback represents the nucleus function in systems believing. Feedback is information that returns to its original sender such that it influences that sender ‘s subsequent actions. Feedback describes the plans of employee authorization when end product from ( or information about the consequence of ) an event in the yesteryear will act upon the same event in the present or future. The provender forward action is based on the cognition of the benefits of employee authorization system.( Peter, ( 2001 )============================================================================Discuss the possible disadvantages for Syngenta from following a more hierarchal construction for pull offing its undertakings? Word Count 500 ( 15 % Markss ) A traditional hierarchy, senior directors make up the board of managers and are responsible for set uping scheme and overall concern way, whilst center directors have duty for a specific map such as finance or selling. A traditional hierarchal construction clearly defines each employee ‘s function within the administration and defines the nature of their relationship with other employees. Hierarchical administrations are frequently tall with narrow spans of control, which gets wider as we move down the construction. They are frequently centralised with the most of import determinations being taken by senior direction. A hierarchal organisation follows the layout of a pyramid. Every employee in the organisation, except one, normally the CEO, is low-level to person else within the organisation. The layout consists of multiple entities that descend into the base of staff degree employees, who sit at the underside of the pyramid. The Disadvantages of Syngenta following a more hierarchal construction for pull offing its undertakings can be represented in ( 1 ) Communications between the employees and other staff could acquire lost. ( 2 ) Jealousy between employees if one gets promoted. ( 3 ) Employees may non hold on the alterations within the company. The hierarchal construction of Syngenta is instead low on national degree ( contrary to the international degree ) . Besides societal differences are rather low and difficult to note because itA?s a tradition in Turkey non to speak about money. Although there is a labour brotherhood for the mill workers, technicians, salesmen and sellers donA?t feel they need one because of an award system which provides them with wellness benefits, fillips, †¦ In order to better their attitude in the hereafter, the directors made a satisfaction questionnaire for their employees. As hierarchal construction, Syngenta uses the same codification of behaviors in every state ; human rights and equality are really of import. We can reason there is a low degree of distinction and favoritism between employees. Syngenta is committed to authorising its staff and a hierarchal construction is non suited to its advanced style.. Like many big concerns working in both national and international markets, Syngenta has adopted a matrix construction ( project squad construction ) A matrix construction is frequently referred to as the undertaking squad construction. In this attack, squad leaders manage specific undertakings and undertakings. Each squad will dwell of members from different sections, each with their ain specialism and expertness related to the undertaking. It takes employees out of their usual functional countries to work with other employees with different expertness and specialism. This ensures the undertaking has all the accomplishments it needs to accomplish its mark. It besides means the employees may profit from each other ‘s abilities. Some squads are merely formed for a short period of clip. They disband when their undertakings have been completed and the squad members are redeployed on other undertakings. Other squads have a longer or sometimes lasting remit. The matrix construction is non an option to functional direction but works alongside it. Syngenta ‘s undertaking teams all support one or more of its concern schemes In Syngenta there are likely to be several beds of authority. , The figure of degrees depends upon whether the concern has a hierarchal or level construction. A hierarchal construction has many beds of direction, each with a narrow span of control. Instruction manuals feed downwards from one degree of direction to those below. Feedback comes from the lower degrees upwards. In Syngenta, the chief disadvantage of hierarchal construction, harmonizing to Learn Management, is that communicating between sections in the same degree of the concatenation ( called horizontal communicating ) can be hard. Since the top-down construction keeps these sections from pass oning, sections can do determinations that merely profit them alternatively of the full organisation. This can do productiveness and efficiency to fall, perchance destructing the organisation.( Woolwich Dairy, 2001,( vitamin D ) Assess to which degree employee authorization is indispensable for an organisation, usage illustrations f orm the instance survey to reenforce your points. Word count 600 ( 20 % Markss )Employee authorization is an absolute concern indispensable today. It involves the looks and avenues through which the non-managerial staff members are conditioned to be able to do certain of import company determinations, with the support and backup of a well planned empowerment plan. The froward determination devising capacity is generated from the sum of the power vested by the direction within the employees, during the preparation provided. Employee empowerment preparation really culminates in the whole set-up going an empowerment theoretical account. The guided ability to take some determinations empowers the employees and besides adds to the retaining faculty adopted by the company. Employee authorization is a term used to show the ways in which non-managerial staff can do independent determinations without confer withing a boss/manager. These froward determinations can be little or big depending upon the grade of power with which the company wishes to put employees. Employee authorization can get down with preparation and change overing a whole company to an empowerment theoretical account. Conversely it may simply intend giving employees the ability to do some determinations on their ain. Corporate civilization reflects the values, vision and leading manner of a given company. degrees of trust between employee and employer differ from civilization to civilization. Promoting employees to do determinations, supplying an environment of unfastened communicating and credence of new thoughts defines a civilization based on authorization. Companies that offer and nurture such an ambiance can profit in a assortment of ways runing from a stable work force to a healthy underside line .There are many grounds why is employee authorization is indispensable for an organisation, firs: Planing authorization into the company civilization is non merely a smart direction scheme, it drives up employee satisfaction.. One of the factors responsible for the high evaluation attained by Jupiter is people patterns. Empowering people is portion of the high tech house ‘s cultural mission. Second ; Delegating power to employees contributes to making an ambiance of contentment and award. Companies noted for this leading manner attract like minded persons who take pride non merely in fall ining the organisation but to demoing trueness by staying on the squad. Credited with allowing all employees input into determination devising, McCormick and Company reports a voluntary turnover rate of merely 3 per centum. Third ; Making an ambiance of authorization is a leading undertaking driven by direction. Once employees are to the full engaged in decision-making and taking action, direc tion can gain. â€Å" Particularly in today ‘s cognition driven economic system, employee authorization is critical to success. If you want the existent benefits of your employees, you must liberate them to do determinations. In bend, this frees direction to concentrate on larger strategic ends and enterprises. † Fourth ; Armed with cognition and a specific degree of authorization, employees can work out jobs and better service clients. â€Å" When employees are invited to take part in the determinations environing how the work is done, they are more occupied and aroused about the result. Finally ; employee authorization Increases Profitability.Miller states merely that people come to work to win, non to neglect. a company built on employee trust, believes that employees are the company ‘s â€Å" individual greatest strength and most digesting long term competitory advantage. Employees are the most of import plus in a concern. Empowered employees experience satisfaction in their achievements. They have a sense of duty and the cognition that they are of import to the organisation, every bit good as a sense of being responsible for determinations that affect themselves and other employees. They have a sense of ownership, which is how sceptered employees should experience. To carry through Syngenta ‘s purposes and aims, employees must besides show specific accomplishments and competences. Dr Kathryn Brocklehurst explains what this means for her: ‘As a director and scientist, clip direction, planning and communicating are cardinal accomplishments. I manage a research squad and it is critical that our work meets deadlines in order to acquire merchandises developed for our clients That employee authorization benefits the organisations which implement it efficaciously is widely noted in the literature.Employee authorization is the most effectual when direction has set clear gettable ends and defined specific answerability criterions. The success of employee authorization relies on the ability of direction to supply resources such as clip and money ; to supply support by manner of legitimacy ; and to supply relevant and factual information so employees can do educated determinations. Training employees to take duty and do sound determinations that are supported by upper direction every bit good as lower degree directors are other countries that are of import to the success of empowerment plans.

Harrison Bergeron By Kurt Vonnegut, Jr Example

Harrison Bergeron By Kurt Vonnegut, Jr Example Harrison Bergeron By Kurt Vonnegut, Jr – Book Report/Review Example Lecturer Essay # Harrison Bergeron In this story, which takes place in the year 2081, Kurt Vonnegut describes the extremes the government goes to in an attempt to create total equality in the society. Basically, the government puts different forms of limitations to its citizen in order to enhance equality. This is nothing but torture to the citizens. Unfortunately, the society cannot continue as described in the story because it will simply be full of people who cannot think and act independently. The government uses cruel strategies that limit people’s freedoms. For example, the intelligent are forced to wear a radio twenty–four hours a day. Through the radio, the government broadcasts noises that interfere with their thoughts. In such a society, such intelligent persons cannot make meaningful contributions to the society. Inventions and innovations, for instance, will be a thing of the past. As a result, the society cannot meaningful progress or develop. Furthermore, this society has no chance of continuing because the government murders the intelligent. For example, when Harrison Bergeron attempted to go against the government, he was shot by Diana Moon Glampers, the Handicapper General. The America of 2081, as described in the story, cannot continue because there general lack of competition. Through competition, people strive to do their best in every field. However, in this society, the government has eliminated such competition. This only helps to make the people lazy. In the end, the society will simply wither out. The government has created a society where people care less about themselves and others because of lack of competition. In the story, the author shows that George and Hazel are quite satisfied with the way things are. This is how most of the people in the society think. This reduces the chances of such a society surviving. The repercussions for the people are great. The government has turned them into some form of robots that are remotely controlled. For these people, they risk having a society full of ‘zombies.’ They are not only going to be controlled by the government but also denied the basic freedoms of life such as the freedom of speech, association among others. In the end, the people are staring at a future where nothing will be accomplished in the society because people’s talents and abilities have been suppressed by the government.

Discuss Some Hindu Influences in America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discuss Some Hindu Influences in America - Essay Example The influence is quite evident as there are numerous temples that were created by people belonging to the Hindu religion in the region of America. These temples can easily be seen in regions such as Texas and New York. In these temples people practice their religious traditions such as Holi and Diwali quite openly. In these events people belonging to the Hindu religion as well as the other citizens of America participate together. Another major example of the influence of Hindu religion on the American soil is the acceptance of Kama Sutra. The book is thought to be a guideline for having a sexual experience. Hindus believe that the book teaches about pleasure, love as well as wishes. This book was translated into English and gained great popularity during the period of 1990s (Ciochetto 77). The Hindu religious music has even greatly influenced the music industry of America. Quite famous Hindu chants have now become a part of the main stream music industry of America. For example The Hare Krishna mantra has become quite a famous song in

Explore one IT topic that interests you Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Explore one IT topic that interests you - Essay Example The GPS receiver in the bus calculates its exact location depending on the time that the signal from the satellite takes to reach it. The GPS tracking device in the vehicle can send back the same information to the person tracking the bus or to online tracking system in order to conduct mapping (Sobey 13). The increasingly number of vehicles in the cities has led violation of traffic rules. This reckless driving has caused countless accidents. In order to monitor the driver and ensure that he follows traffic rules, it is essential to use a tracking device (Gillen & David 53). A transport company in Chicago known as Transit Authority has allowed customers to view their websites due to the increased disloyalty between the between businesses and the customers. It allows them to track the location of the bus so that they can prepare themselves for the journey by judging the distance left to reach the station. The act has increased customer’s loyalty in the company (Gillen & David